By regulating risks, the practice of liberalizing the transportation market, characteristic of recent years, has contributed to the emergence of a large number of new business entities with access to infrastructure. In this regard, there was a need to improve the train safety system.

Within the framework of the round table "Access to the infrastructure of JSC "Russian Railways" as a risk management system in the field of traffic safety", some measures were announced to regulate this area of activity. Do you have a license? According to the Government decree of October 3, 2002, licensing of car repair enterprises and their activities became mandatory, but in 2007 this measure was canceled. Today, after a number of discussions, there was an opinion about the need to return to it. According to Alexander Fedorchuk, Deputy Director of the Department of State Policy in the Field of Railway Transport of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation, in order to improve the regulatory framework for ensuring traffic safety, a draft law "On Amendments to 99-FZ "On Licensing of Certain Types of Activities" has been prepared, according to which the activities of rolling stock repair enterprises will be subject to mandatory licensing.

"Having analyzed the situation with the liberalization of car repair facilities, as a result of the fact that the monopoly of Russian Railways has become a thing of the past, we have many forms of ownership. This has made the issue of increasing the responsibility of enterprises for the work they perform as part of the planned types of repairs relevant," he explained. At the moment, the draft law has already passed the stage of public discussion and next week it should go through the approval procedure with the federal executive authorities. As by-laws, noted A. Fedorchuk, a regulation on licensing is being considered, which will determine the order of requirements for car repair enterprises, and after the adoption of the bill, the appropriate administrative regulations will be developed.

It is proposed to appoint Rostransnadzor as the federal body that will conduct licensing. Gennady Sarafanov, Deputy head of the Federal Service for Supervision of Transport, believes that the adoption of this law will lead to the withdrawal of unscrupulous car repair companies from the market. Plus, with the availability of a license, the company will have a great responsibility. More and more inspections, market representatives are more wary of this measure.

Alexey Belinsky, General Director of the Management Company Locomotive Technologies LLC, noted that the practice of mandatory certification of specific services provided by the enterprise is tougher, and therefore more effective. "There is a fear that there will be a substitution of concepts. A company that theoretically can carry out certain repairs on the basis of the documents provided by it will receive a license for them, but then it will also do those works that are not within its competence. I am not calling for abandoning the idea of licensing, it is a good tool, but there are certain nuances that need to be paid attention to so that the measure does not turn into a simple formality," he commented. A. Belinsky also noted that, in principle, the company is ready to conduct both certification and licensing.

There is also a concern that the licensing process will become an additional verification measure that interferes with the work of companies. "The fact is that since this year, the requirements for car repair depots have been seriously tightened – by strengthening the provision on the assignment of a conditional stamp. Five regulations on certification of workshops were issued, Roszheldor transferred these functions to the Register of Certification in Railway Transport. The service of certification or inspection of workshops is carried out on a paid basis. This practice began only this year. And, in our opinion, we need to work in these conditions for at least a few years to look at the results," says Irina Chiganashkina, a member of the Management Board of RailTransHolding Management Company LLC. 

 According to her, the additional procedure will simply stop the work of car repair companies due to the huge number of scheduled and unscheduled inspections. A. Fedorchuk shared the opinion that the number of inspections should be reasonable and limited, but also noted that in matters of safety oversight can play a fatal role. He also noted that the assignment of a brand for an enterprise is not a permissive measure, it is the identification of the enterprise, and it in no way replaces the licensing procedure. In addition, according to G. Sarafanova, inspections are often the initiative of the company itself. "The frequency of our inspections is on average once every 3 years, although the existing capacities allow us to organize them much more often. All the others are checks that the company orders itself.

State scheduled inspections do not take place so often, except in cases when one or another enterprise caused an accident," the deputy head of Rostransnadzor added. Security of the EAEU scale In the Republic of Kazakhstan decided to develop its own security certificate, which over time can serve as a model for the entire EAEU space. According to the director of the Security Department of JSC "National Company "Kazakhstan Temir Zholy" Ivan Kostyri, so far it has been implemented inside the state of Kazakhstan. At the moment, the audit procedure for obtaining this certificate begins in JSC NC KTZ. The national security certificate came into force on August 10, the document was issued under the status of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Kazakhstan, but the transport Committee joined the working group on its development. The rules for conducting an audit and obtaining this certificate have already been established. The authorized bodies begin the security audit procedure. Areas such as the traffic safety management system, training technologies, traffic safety financing, etc. will be tested.

"Our states are moving in the same direction, and Kazakhstan has proposed to develop a security certificate for the entire EAEU space. This can be a good tool for creating uniform rules of work. Russian Railways and KTZ are monopolists, but at the same time we are the most vulnerable in terms of security and the consequences of its violation. So the development of joint norms is also a question of the image of companies," concluded I. Kostyrya.

Alexandra Mozharovskaya